Ratchet diestock



Sept 1941- Y c. H. INGWER 2,255,009

RATCHET DIESTOCK Filed Oct. 20. 1959 iii.

ibl IN VENT OR. age; H. INGWEQ BY [W ATTORNEYS,

Patented Sept. 2, 1941 RATCHET DIESTOCK CarlgHfIngwer, Elyria, Ohio, assignor'to The Ridge Tool Company, North Ridgeville, Ohio, at

' corporation of Ohio Application October 20, 1939, Serial No. 300,445

w p 7 4 7 Claims. This invention relates to an improved ratchet wrench construction, and more particularly to ratchets for use in connection with threading dies or socket wrenches wherein the socket and the socket wrench in combination provide the ratchet mechanism. 3 In the use of threading dies it is often desirable to have a ratchet handle for operating the threadingdie. Usually these threading dies include' a die head which carries thread cutting chasers and which head is provided with a coaxial sleeve extension or--bar-rel to whichthe wrench is applied for rotating the head. The barrel is'provided with a bore co-axial with the head, the diameter of which is but slightly larger than the outside diameter of the pipe to be threaded and which boreserves as a guide for the pipe assuring proper engagementof the chasers with the work and that the threads will thus be squarely started and cut. Inasmuch as the guiding barrel is placed on the threaded pipe first, the ratchet handle having previously-been-placed over the outside of the barrel, the pressure exerted-to start the thread cutting tends to dislodge the handle from connection with the die barrel. The present invention has particular reference to an-improved mechanism for preventing the accidental displacement of the wrench from the die barrelor sleeve. Althoughlocking mechanisms for preventing such displacement of the die and wrench are relatively well known there have been many disadvantages in the prior mechanisms which it is the purpose of this invention to overcome. For instance, previous devices have relied on spring lock rings which were not only hard to operate, but readily became clogged with dirt and inoperative. Still further disadvantages reside in the increase cost of manufacture, as well as the large breakage of parts.

By the present invention Ihave provided a locking mechanism which is easy and simple to operate, not liable to breakage and which is economical to construct. There are also a minimum number of parts to get out of order.

Still other advantages of the invention and the invention itself will become more apparent from the following description of an embodiment thereof wherein I have described-and illustrated the same in connection-with a threadin die.

Obviously the invention has other uses than for a threading die and the invention is in no sense limited to such use.' The descriptionis illustrated by the accompanying drawing;' wherein:

Fig, l isan end view ofa die head showing the ratchet handle disposed thereon, certain of the parts being broken away to illustrate the interior construction;

Fig. 2 is a section taken along the lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 through the ratchet mechanism with the die head shown in side elevation;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of a die head removedfrom the ratchet.

In the drawing like parts are shown by like reference characters. As previously stated, the die'comp-rises'a head I which carries'the thread cutting chasers in the usual manner. The size of the headmay vary depending upon the size of the pipe for which the die is designed, that shown being for threadinga 1"- pipe. Extending from I the head co-aXially therewith is a sleeve or barrel 3 whichis provided with a 'bore 4 axially aligned with the head. The sleeve bore is of a diameter sufficiently large to receive therethrough' and guide a 1" pipe. The dies are usually provided insets and obviously for smaller dies the bore would be correspondingly smaller, but the barrel itself remains the same outside size throughout the set. i

"The surface of the barrel is provided with a plurality of'longitudinally extending grooves 5 which extend from the end of the sleeve to a point spaced from the head. The grooves may decrease in depth from the end toward the head, being shallower in the end toward the head, as best shownin Fig. 2. These grooves are disposed at regularly spaced intervals about the periphery of the barrel, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The surface of the sleeve is relieved in a zone 6 spaced from the end of the sleeve and the head, to provide a shallow channel extending circumferentially around the sleeve and across lands or ridges intermediate the grooves. In the"cen-' ter of the channel 6 is a groove 1 whichalso extends circumferentially around the barrel-and in which is disposed a spring ring 8, which-maybe a split steel wire ring, but does not necessarily have to be resilient.

The handle for cooperation with the die-sleeve andwhich has a reversible ratchet connection therewith, comprises a body 10, Figs. 1 and 2,

formed with a central circular opening ill of 'a diameter to provide a close sliding fit withthe sleeve 3. A socket I2 is provided extending from the side of the body adapted to receive a tubular handle I 3 which is screw threaded therein.

A boss It extends from thebody and is formed with abore !5 opening into the opening ll ofthe body and in which is disposed a ratchet, pawl which has a pawl face It adapted for engagement in the slots 5. A stem I1 is provided for the pawl, which stem extends beyond the confines of the boss I4 and is provided with a knurled head l8 which is secured to the end of the stem by a cross pin IS. The wall of the bore I5 extends inwardly at 29 to provide a close sliding fit with the stem H to guide the pawl stem and to also act as an abutment for a helical pawl spring 2|. The spring 2| is compressively engaged between the pawl body and walls 26 urging the pawl inwardly so that the face It is in engagement with the grooves 5 of the sleeve. A pair of slots 23 are provided in the wall of the boss l4 extending transversely through the boss and from-the endinwardly. The slots are sufficiently large to readily receive the cross pin 19 and hold the same against rotation. The face it of the pawl is such that on one side it provides a positive engagement with the sides of the grooves 5 to rotate the sleeve when moved in a counter-clockwise direction, while the other side strikes the edges of the lands between the grooves, which contact exerts a cam action of the pawl face It with the edge of the land causing the pawl to rise out of the grooves when the handle is turned in a'clcckwise direction, as seen in Fig. 1. The knob l8 may be pulled out and the position of the pawl reversed for rotating the die in the other direction.

The pawl is provided with a notch 24 extending transversely across the pawl and adapted to allow the pawl to ride down around the ring 8. In operation, the pawl is pulled outward by thehead l8 until the cross pin 19 is out of the slots 23 and the wrench body slipped over the grooved sleeve on the die. The pawl is then released, after which it drops into the position shown in Fig. 2 where the ring is seated in the notch 24. wrench since the pawl engages the side of one of the grooves. The wrench cannot slide laterally ofi of the end of the sleeve, however, because of the engagement of the pawl with the ring 8. When the wrench is rotated in the opposite direction, causing the ratchet mechanism to operate, the slanting pawl face engages the side of the groove 5 in the usual manner, and raises the pawl out of the groove 5, where it rides across the land intermediate the grooves inthe channel 6, until it drops on the other side of the land into the next slot. While the pawl is thus out of the groove 5 and may be out ofengagement with the ring 8, the side of the pawlengages the side of the channel 6, preventingthe wrench from slipping ofi of the sleeve. It will thus be seen that the handle is positively retained in operative relation with the barrel at all times with no danger of accidental disengagement.

- :One of the particular advantages of this arrangement is that of manufacture, since the grooves may be accurately and easily formed in the barrel when the die head body is cast, without necessitating the additional use of sand cores asiscustomary where the grooves terminate short of the end of the barrel.

The ratchet mechanism may be reversed in the usual manner by raising and rotating the pawl 180 degrees.

Having thus described my invention, I am aware that numerous and extensive departures may be made therefrom without departing from my invention.

I claim: 1 r

1. A device of the class described including a The die may then be rotated by the threading die body adapted to be rotated, a coaxial sleeve for said body for rotating the same, a plurality of grooves in said sleeve extending from the end of the sleeve to a point spaced from the body, means to be telescoped on the sleeve comprising an annular member having an opening, a pawl carried by said member and engageable in said grooves, and means carried by said sleeve for engagement with said pawl to lock said sleeve and said annular member together.

2. A device of the class described including a body adapted to be rotated, a coaxial stem for said body for rotating the same, a plurality of grooves in said stem extending from the end of the stem to a point spaced from the body, ratchet means to be telescoped on the stem comprising an annular member having an opening, a pawl carried by said member and engageable in said grooves and having a slot in the end, and means carried by said stem for engagement with said pawlto lock said stem and said annular member together, comprising a ring disposed about said stem and engageable in the slot in said pawl.

3. In a ratchet threading die, of the class described comprising a die head, a stem extending from said die head, and provided with a plurality of radially disposed longitudinally extending grooves, and a shallow annular channel formed in said stem intermediate the die head and the end of the stem, a groove formed in the midportion of said channel and extending circumferentiallyaround the stem, a ring disposed in said groove and bridging said first mentioned grooves, drive means for said head comprising an annular body adapted to be slipped over said stem, a pawl carried thereby and held in springpressed engagement in said grooves and adapted to provide a ratchet drive therewith, a slot in said pawl for engagement with said ring, one side of said pawl adapted to engage the side of the channel.

4. In a ratchet threading die of the class described comprising a die head, a stem extending from said die head, and provided with a plurality of radially disposed longitudinally extending grooves, and a shallow annular channel formed in said stem intermediate the die head and the end of the stem, and a groove formed in the mid-portion of said channel and extending circumferentially around the stem, a ring disposed in said groove and bridging said first mentioned grooves, drive means for said head comprising ,an annular body adapted to be slipped over said stem, a pawl carried thereby and held in spring-pressed engagement with said grooves, and adapted to provide a ratchet drive therewith, a slot in said pawl for engagement with said ring when the pawl is in one of the grooves, one side of said pawl adapted to engage the side of said channel when the pawl is out of the grooves.

5.. In a ratchet threading die of the class described comprising a die head, a sleeve extending from said die head, and provided with a plurality of radially disposed longitudinally extending grooves opening in the end of said stem spaced from the head and extending through theend of the stem, and a shallow annular channel formed in said sleeve intermediate the die head and the end of the sleeve, and a groove formed in the mid-portion of said channel and extending circumferentially around the sleeve, a spring ring disposed in said :groove and bridging said first mentioned. grooves, drive means for said head comprising an annular body adapted to be slipped over said stem, a housing integral with said body and a pawl carried thereby and held in spring-pressed engagement in said grooves and adapted to provide a ratchet drive therewith, a slot in said pawl for engagement with said ring when the pawl is in one of said first mentioned grooves, one side of said pawl adapted to engage the side of the channel when the pawl is passing from one of said first mentioned grooves to another.

6. A ratchet threading die of the class described including a die head and a stem extending therefrom, said stem provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves opening through the end thereof, a groove formed on said stem extending circumferentially around the stem and a spring lock ring disposed in said last mentioned groove, ratchet drive means for said head comprising a body having a bore formed therein adapted to telescope over said stem, a pawl carried by the body and spring means for holding the pawl in ratchet engagement with the first mentioned grooves, said pawl adapted for lateral engagement with said lock ring to hold said body and ratchet together in operative engagement.

7. A ratchet threading die of the class described including a die head and a stem extending therefrom, said stem provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves opening through the end thereof, an annular channel formed in said stem, a groove formed on said stem extending circumferentially around the stem and located in said channel, and a spring lock ring disposed in said last mentioned groove, ratchet drive means for said head comprising a body having a base formed therein' adapted to telescope over said stem, a pawl carried by the body and spring means for holding the pawl in ratchet engagement with the first mentioned grooves, said pawl adapted for lateral engagement with said lock ring to hold said body and ratchet together in operative engagement.

CARL H. INGWM. 

